【公開日：2024.07.25】【最終更新日：2024.04.22】
課題データ / Project Data
課題番号 / Project Issue Number
23BA0042
利用課題名 / Title
XPS装置によるSn系ペロブスカイト材料の分析
利用した実施機関 / Support Institute
筑波大学 / Tsukuba Univ.
機関外・機関内の利用 / External or Internal Use
内部利用（ARIM事業参画者以外）/Internal Use (by non ARIM members)
技術領域 / Technology Area
【横断技術領域 / Cross-Technology Area】（主 / Main）計測・分析/Advanced Characterization（副 / Sub）-
【重要技術領域 / Important Technology Area】（主 / Main）革新的なエネルギー変換を可能とするマテリアル/Materials enabling innovative energy conversion（副 / Sub）-
キーワード / Keywords
太陽電池/ Solar cell,電子分光/ Electron spectroscopy
利用者と利用形態 / User and Support Type
利用者名（課題申請者）/ User Name (Project Applicant)
深田 直樹
所属名 / Affiliation
筑波大学NIMS 連係物質・材料工学サブプログラム
共同利用者氏名 / Names of Collaborators in Other Institutes Than Hub and Spoke Institutes
Jannatul Ferdous
ARIM実施機関支援担当者 / Names of Collaborators in The Hub and Spoke Institutes
利用形態 / Support Type
（主 / Main）機器利用/Equipment Utilization（副 / Sub）,技術補助/Technical Assistance
利用した主な設備 / Equipment Used in This Project
報告書データ / Report
概要（目的・用途・実施内容）/ Abstract (Aim, Use Applications and Contents)
Sn-based perovskites have been widely studied because they have similar or even better optoelectronic properties than Pb-based perovskites. However, Sn-based PSCs suffer from poor photovoltaic device performance. This is due to some fundamental limitations, such as the tendency of Sn-based perovskites to change from Sn2+ to Sn4+ by oxidation and the inability to form a smooth surface without pinholes. Here, oxidation of Sn2+ causes undesirable p-type doping, resulting in loss of suitable semiconductor properties. In addition, all the existing charge transport layers have been developed for Pb-based perovskite materials and are not energetically consistent with Sn-based perovskite materials.Therefore, in this study, appropriate excipients are selected to derive a solution. An atomic layer thin film is prepared on a charge transport layer using a solution of an additive, and a perovskite film is grown on it. In this case, the molecules in the additive layer effectively combine with the perovskite molecules to direct the growth of the perovskite. It is also intended to improve the structure and electronic properties of the upper part of the perovskite film by modifying it with a surfactant containing a methylammonium terminal group. Several guest materials are also synthesized and added to the PEDOT: PSS to achieve compact contact between the anode (ITO or FTO) PEDOT: PSS. Separately, existing charge transport materials used in Pb-based PSCs are made to be closely energetically matched with Sn-based perovskite materials.
実験 / Experimental
Synthesis of SnOx thin film. The SnOx thin films are prepared by solution processing method.Synthesis of ZnO nanowire.Seed layer preparation. The seed layer solution was prepared by dissolving zinc acetate in ethanol. This buffer solution was spin coated two times on the FTO substrate. After that the substrates were annealed. ZnO nanowires growth. The ZnO nanowires were grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates by hydrothermal method. For the growth of ZnO nanowires, an equimolar concentration growth solution was prepared mixing zinc nitrate and methenamine (HMTA) in water.
結果と考察 / Results and Discussion
Figure 1 shows the UPS spectra of the ZnO nanowires. The work function of the ZnO nanowires can be obtained by subtracting the cutoff value from the excitation source of 21.2 eV. This, therefore, gives a work function of -4.3eV. The valence band and conduction band are -7.43 and -3.83 eV, respectively. The UPS spectra of SnO2 film is represented in Figure 2. The SnO2 has a conduction band of -3.36 eV, which is close to PEDOT: PSS. The XPS spectra of SnO2 film is displayed in Figure 3. XPS Sn3d3/2 and Sn3d5/2 windows are observed here. A peak at around 486 eV is indicating the presence of Sn4+ and Sn2+.
図・表・数式 / Figures, Tables and Equations
Fig 1. UPS spectra of ZnO nanowires.
Fig.2 UPS spectra of SnO2. (a)onset region and (b) cut-off region.
Fig.3 XPS spectra of SnOx thin films.
その他・特記事項（参考文献・謝辞等） / Remarks(References and Acknowledgements)
成果発表・成果利用 / Publication and Patents
論文・プロシーディング（DOIのあるもの） / DOI (Publication and Proceedings)
口頭発表、ポスター発表および、その他の論文 / Oral Presentations etc.
特許 / Patents
特許出願件数 / Number of Patent Applications：0件
特許登録件数 / Number of Registered Patents：0件